History of Sri Lanka |
Sri Lanka is a place where history seems to fade into the mist of legend. Is not Adam’s Peak said to be the very place where Adam set foot on earth, having been sent out of heaven? Isn’t that his footprint squarely on top of the mountain to prove it? Or is it the Buddha’s footprint on Sri Pada? And isn’t Adam’s Bridge (the chain of islands linking Sri Lanka to India) the very series of stepping stones Rama, aided by his faithful ally, the monkey god Hanuman, stepped across in his mission to rescue Sita from the clutches of the Rawana,King of Lanka, in the epic Ramayana?
The first entries in the Mahavamsa – or “Great History” – date back to 543BC, which coincides with the arrival of Prince Vijaya in Sri Lanka. Some 300 years later, commenced the early Anuradhapura Period, with King Devanampiya Tissa as the first ruler. It was in this period that a sapling of the sacred Bo Tree, under which the Lord Buddha attained enlightenment, was brought to Sri Lanka. The late Anuradhapura Period, which began in the year 459, saw the reign of King Kasyapa, and the construction of Sigiriya. The Polonnaruwa period, witnessed the transfer of the capital from Anuradhapura to Polonnaruwa in 1073. Famed explorer, Marco Polo, arrived in Sri Lanka in the period between 1254 and 1324, and, in 1505, the Portuguese landed, and occupied the island’s coastal regions.
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| The Portuguese Period |
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At this time Sri Lanka had three main kingdoms – the Kingdom of Jaffna in the north, the Kingdom of Kandy in the central highlands and Kotte, the most powerful, in the south-west. In 1505 the Portuguese, under Lorennso de Almeida established friendly relations with the king of Kotte and gained, for Portugal, a monopoly in the spice and cinnamon trade, which soon became of enormous importance in Europe. Attempts by Kotte to utilize the strength and protection of the Portuguese only resulted in Portugal taking over and ruling not only their regions, but the rest of the island, apart form the central highlands around Kandy. Because the highlands were remote and inaccessible, the kings of Kandy were always able to defeat the attempts by the Portuguese to annex them, and on a number of occasions drove the Portuguese right back down to the coast. Wikipedia... |
| The Dutch Period |
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Attempts by Kandy to enlist Dutch help in expelling the Portuguese only resulted in the substitution of one European power for another. By 1658, 153 years after the first Portuguese contact, the Dutch took control over the costal areas of the Island. During their 140-year-rule the Dutch, like Portuguese, were involved in repeated unsuccessful attempts to bring Kandy under their control. The Dutch were much more interested in trade and profits than the Portuguese, who spent a lot of efforts spreading their religion and extending their physical control. Wikipedia... |
| The British Period |
The French revolution resulted in a major shake-up among the European powers and in 1796 the Dutch were easily supplanted by the British, who in 1815 also won the control of the kingdom of Kandy, becoming the first European power to rule the whole island. But in 1802, Sri Lanka became a Crown Colony and in 1818 a unified administration for the island was set up. Soon the country was dotted with coffee, cinnamon and coconut plantations and a network of roads and railways were built to handle this new economic activity. English became the official language, and is still widely spoken.
Coffee was the main crop and the backbone of the colonial economy, but the occurence of a leaf blight virtually wiped it out in the 1870s and the plantations quickly switched over to tea or rubber. Today Sri Lanka is the world’s second largest tea exporter. The British were unable to persuade the Sinhalese to work cheaply and willingly on the plantations, so they imported large number of South Indian labourers from South India. Sinhalese peasants in the hill country lost land to the estates. Wikipedia... | Independence
Between WW I and WW II, political stirrings started to push Sri Lanka towards eventual independence from Britain – but in a considerably more peaceful and low-key manner than in India. At the end of WW II it was evident that independence would come very soon, in the wake of independence for Sri Lanka’s neighbour. In February 1948 Sri Lanka, or Ceylon as it was still known, became an independent member of the British Commonwealth. | | | |
Sri Lanka is a tourist's paradise. Marco Polo described it as "the finest island of its size in the world". Wonderful pristine beaches, lush-green hills, majestic waterfalls, corals, wild life, heritage sites, pilgrimage sites, exotic cuisine-Sri Lanka has everything that a tourist can imagine. It has something to offer to everyone.
Though Colombo is widely known as the capital of Sri Lanka but strictly speaking Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte-a miniature town in Colombo-is the legislative capital of Sri Lanka. Colombo is the commercial capital of Sri Lanka.
The total population of Sri Lanka is around 20 Million. Major ethnic groups include: Sinhalese (74%), Tamil (18%), Moor (7%), Burgher, Malay and Vedda (1%). Buddhism is the major religion followed by around 70% of the population. Other major religions are Hinduism (15%), Christianity (8%) and Islam (7%).Leopards, Long Island Iced Tea and a whole lot of lounging around.For a small island, Sri Lanka has many nicknames: Serendib, Ceylon, Teardrop of India, Resplendent Isle, Island of Dharma, Pearl of the Orient. This colourful collection reveals its richness and beauty, and the intensity of the affection it evokes in its visitors.The beach thing may be a cliche, but don't miss them. Then head to the hills to cool off amidst tea plantations and ancient cities. The island teems with bird life, and even the occasional elephant or leopard. To top it all off, the people are friendly, the food is delicious and costs are low. Sun & Sand | | Negombo | | Distance from Colombo | 35 km |
| | A characteristic fishing town north of Colombo, Negombo is a mere 6 km drive from the international airport. Set amidst lush groves of coconut palms, it breathes the spirit of the sea. Negombo is a gourmet’s paradise with sea food in plenty. Old-world fishing craft, like the outrigger canoe and the catamaran, bring seer, skipjack, herring, mullet, pomfret and amber jack, while lobster and prawn are caught in the lagoon. |
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| Mount Lavinia | | Distance from Colombo | 12 km |
| | Mount Lavinia is an ideal place to relax and enjoy the sea. The beach is crowded on Sundays and public holidays with large crowds gathered to participate in many beach sports activities such as swimming, surfing etc. The Governor's House built in 1805 by Sir Thomas Maitland , now forms part of the famous Mount Lavinia Hotel. |
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| Kalutara | | Distance from Colombo | 42km |
| | An important spice-trading centre controlled at various times by the Portuguese, Dutch and the British. Today, it has a reputation for fine basket ware (visit basket hall) and also for the best mangosteens(fruits) on the island. Passing Kalutara South of the Kalu Ganga Bridge is the Gangatilleke Vihara, which has a hollow dagoba (Buddhist shrine) with an interesting painted terior. By the roadside there’s a small shrine and a bodhi tree where drivers often stop to make offerings to ensure a safe journey. Wadduwa is 8km north of Kalutara. |
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| Beruwela | | Distance from Colombo | 55 km |
| | South of Colombo, Beruwela marks the beginning of a 130 km-stretch of beaches, where resort development has made immense strides in recent years. Good bathing in the bay all year round. Holiday-makers should not miss bathing in the bay |
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| Bentota | | Distance from Colombo | 62 km |
| | Bentota Resort complex is a romantic rendezvous of river and sea with several hotels, railway station, post office, shopping arcade, cafeteria and an open-air theatre showing folk and mask-dancing with clusters of palms overlooking everything. |
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| Hikkaduwa | | Distance from Colombo | 206 km |
| | The first area to be developed for Tourism, this is still one of the most popular of all beach resorts. Hikkaduwa is famous for its coral and sub-tropical fish. The reef, which runs parallel to the shore is only a few metres below the water, can be investigated with snorkel and flippers, or in a glass-bottom boat. There are several wrecks in the area which offer interesting dives. Scuba equipment and the services of licensed instructors are on hire from PADI centers. A little further down the coast, there’s good surf for board or body-surfing. Generally, you can find a community of international surfers in and around Hikkaduwa. |
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| Galle | | Distance from Colombo | 116 km |
| | South of Colombo, Galle is the most important Southern town. It has an old world charm. Believed to be the “Tarshish of the Bible”, its natural harbour was a famous fort in days gone by. Galle is famous for its Dutch Fort, lace-making, ebony carving and gem polishing |
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| Koggala | | Distance from Colombo | 130 km |
| | Koggala beach is about 12km south of Galle. Stilt-Fishermen are a familiar sight here. |
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| Arugam Bay | | Distance from Colombo | 116 km |
| | Arugam Bay is a fishing village 3km south of the small town of Pottuvil at the remote southern end of the east coast. It probably has the best surf in Sri Lanka, which forms near a low promontory a little further south, and because of this it has developed into a hang-out for low-budget travelers. There’s a wide, sweeping beach in front of the village itself which is good for swimming and south of the surf promontory a long, deserted beach leads down to ‘Crocodile Rock’, from where wild elephants can quite often be seen. The best period for surfing is between April and September and during this season the number of travelers – most of whom are diehard surfers – visiting the area increases. When the season ends the place empties and some guesthouses and restaurants shut up shop, but this may be just what you’re after. |
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| Nilaveli | | Distance from Trincomalee | 14 km |
| | Nilaveli is a prime beach resort in the East Coast. It is ideally suited for sun bathing, sea bathing and diving. A few metres off shore is a small rocky island 'Pigeon Island,' which is good for snorkeling. |
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Ancient Cities | | Dalada Maligawa | Kandy ’s main attraction is the Dalada Maligawa, the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic of the Buddha, the founder of Buddhism. Brought to Sri Lanka in the 4th c. A.D., the sacred relic has ever since been the symbol of sovereignty for its rulers, it has been enshrined in great splendour from time immemorial. Kandy’s Dalada Maligawa is a magnificent shrine, with decorative walls, moat, turrets,a golden roof and fine wood-work and its 16th – 19th century ambience remains vivid. Three religious services (pooja) with traditional music, held daily at dawn, mid-day and in the evening, can be viewed by visitors. Wikipedia... |
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Kelaniya Temple | This temple, consecrated during the third and final visit of Lord Buddha to Sri Lanka, eight years after gaining enlightenment, is situated 7 miles from Colombo in the Gampaha District on the banks of the Kelaniya River. It has a history of nearly 2563 years.The Mahawansa records that the original Dagoba at Kelaniya enshrined a gem-studded throne on which the Buddha sat and preached. The temple is also famous for its image of the reclining Buddha and paintings which depict important events in the life of the Buddha, in the history of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, also incidents from the Jataka tale (Folk Tales). lt is the venue of the annual Duruthu Perahera held in the month of January. Wikipedia... |
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| Adam’s Peak | It is believed that Lord Buddha placed his footprint on the summit of this sacred mountain during his thrid visit to the isle, hence the name Sri Pada which literally means 'the sacred footprint'. This mountain is also known as Samantakuta, Sumanakuta, Samanalakanda, Samanhela, Samangira, Medumhelaya etc. The Christians call the mountain Adam's Peak, derived from the Portuguese Pico de Adam (Peak of Adam). It is 7,360 feet in height and is the forth highest mountain in the country and has several approaches, the main ones being through the Hatton town and Ratnapura District. Annually, from December to April, devotees climb the mountain to pay homage to the holy site. Wikipedia... |
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| Dambulla Vihara | Located north of Kandy and considered by most to be the center point of SriLanka, Dambulla is a town built around a vast isolated rock mass measuring 500 ft and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.It was here that King Valagambahu took refuge in the 1st century B.C. The view from the top of this rock is breathtaking 350 ft. above are a series of five caves which was later turned into a magnificent rock temple by King Valagambahu.
In the first cave is a recumbent image of the Buddha 47 ft, long , cut out from the rock. There are images of deities associated with Buddhism. The frescoes on the walls and ceiling could be dated to the 15th - 18th centuries. In the second cave, the finest and the largest , are not less than 150 life size statues of gods. There are numerous images of the Buddha as well. The ceiling too is covered with frescoes which depict great events in the life of the Buddha , and landmarks in the history of the Sinhala People. Wikipedia... |
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| Sigiriya Rock | The history of Sigiriya dates back to over 5000 thousand years, to the Mesolithic period. One of SriLanka’s major attractions and a World Heritage Site, Sigiriya(Lion Rock) came into prominence in the 5th centaury AD, when the patricidal King Kasyapa, afraid of reprisals led by his half - brother, Mogolan, chose to move the seat of power from Anuradhapura to this 500m rock. It was Kasyapa and his master-builders who were responsible for the complex plan which made Sigiriya the glorious capital it was, for 17 years (477 – 495 AD). The frescoes of the ‘ heavenly maidens ‘ halfway up the rock in a sheltered gallery, are the only painted renderings of a secular subject in this country.The ‘ mirror wall ‘, which records the poetic outpourings of early visitors to the rock and the colossal plan of the royal palace, water gardens and fortifications, is entirely fascinating. Wikipedia... |
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| Mahinyangana Maha Seya | This Cetiya (sthupa) was built during the lifetime of Lord Buddha enshrining the lock of hair given by Him to God Saman on the occasion of His first visit to Sri Lanka, nine months after attaining enlightenment. It is the first ever stupa to be constructed in Sri Lanka.
It was enlarged by Arhat Sarabhu to a Cetiya 12 cubits high after receiving and enshrining the collar bone relic of the Buddha taken from the funeral pyre. The son of King Devanampiyatissa's brother, for greater protection, covered it over and made it thirty cubits high. King Dutugemunu -(161-137 BC). Dwelling there, while fighting the invading forces of the Tamils, enlarged it to eighty cubits high. It was subsequently rebuilt by Vijayabahu 1 (1055-1110 CE) and restored again during modern times. Wikipedia... |
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| Ruwanveliseya | Situated in Mahamega Gardens. Built in the second century B.C by King Dutugamunu. It is 100 metres tall, 77 metres wide, 300 ft in diameter.
Originally the shtupa was designed in a " Bubble " shape . Sadly different restorations of the sthupa have altered its original shape. The Great Sthupa cost the King 6.4 million coins in wages. The construction was commenced on a full moon day in May 144 B.C. The foundation was made of butter-clay, imported from India, which was used as cement. Further four small Sthupas are to be seen in the four corners in order to give more respect. Entering the sthupa , you come across a sand court yard from which rises the Elephant wall.
Walking around the stupa you see a life size statue of a king, believed to be King Dutugamunu. Further on you see an Inscription done by King Nissankamalla in the platform. King Dutugamunu fell sick with a sickness that was to be mortal, He sent for his younger brother Saddhatissa to complete its work. So King Dutugamunu had his wish fulfilled as he lay dying, and the sthupa was completed by King Saddhatissa. Wikipedia... |
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| Gal Viharaya | Located in the ancient city of Polonnaruwa and built in the 12th century A.D by the great King Parakramabahu the 1st. It is a group of Buddha images that mark the excellence of Sinhalese rock carving.The Gal Viharaya consists of four seperate images of different postures carved and cut from one long slab of granite.
First is a samadhi image in meditation posture, the second is inside a cave and the third is a standing Buddha image which is 23 ft in height and the forth is a recumbent Buddha image measuring 46 feet, depicting the passing away.
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| Wewurukannala Vihara | 15 miles east of Matara is the town of Dikwella, where there is one of the most amazing Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka. The Wewurukannala Vihara temple is dominated by an image of a seated Buddha. It is 160ft high, the largest statue in all of Sri Lanka and dates back to the time of King Rajadhi (1782 - 1798).
The temple has three parts, the oldest being about 250 years old; however this is of no particular interest. The next part has life size models of demons and sinners shown in graphic detail potraying the wrath which the unbeliever is entitled to. The varied and grotesque forms of punishments are are shown and include being drowned in boiling cauldrons, sawn in half, being disemboweled etcand so on. Finally there is the enormous seated Buddha that is as high as an eight-storied building.
The temple walls show you the path towards enlightenment by depicting hundreds of comic strip representations of events in the Buddha's life. Among one of the episodes is the Chulla Dhammapala Jataka. Several Jataka Stories are also amid the paintings, which where selected for Vesak stamps in 1991. One depicts The Kattahari Jataka showing Prince Kastavahana, son of King Brahmadatta resting with his entourage. |
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| Buduruwagala Rock Sculptures | Located 5kms south of Wellawaya accessible through a road which branches west off the road to Tissa leading to the rock cut Buddha figures of Buduruwagala.Buduruwagala means stone images of Buddha.The figures date back to 10th century AD, and are of the Mahayana Buddhist school.The gigantic Buddha statue still bears traces of its original stuccoed robe and a long streak of orange suggests it was once brightly painted.The central of the three figures to the Buddha’s right is thought to be the Buddhist mythological figure, the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara. To the left of this white painted figure is a female figure in the thrice-bent posture, who is thought to be his consort, Tara. The three figures on the Buddha’s left appear to an amateur to be of a rather different style. One of them is holding up the hourglass shaped Tibetan thunderbolt symbol known as a dorje – an unusual example of the Tantric side of Buddhism in SriLanka.One of them is said to be Maitreya, the figure Buddha , while another is Vishnu.Photos... |
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| Kataragama Devalaya | One of Sri Lanka’s holy places where Hindus, Buddhists and Muslims visit on religious pilgrimage. It is a large Complex with the `Mahadewala’ – Main Hindu shrine being the most important place. This shrine of God Skanda, the Hindu war God who is worshipped as the Kataragama 'Deviyo' (Deity) is venerated by pilgrims of all three religions. It is believed that King Dutugemunu the warrior king and Sinhala folk hero built a shrine here for the worship of the Kataragama God in the 2nd century BC. There is also a first century BC Buddhist Dagoba - `Kirivehera’ at this site. The annual Hindu Kataragama festival is held in July and August. Wikipedia... |
| Tirukoneswaram Kovil | At the northeastern most tip of the Fort Frederick's promontory is a cliff known as Swami Rock, dropping about 360 feet directly into the sea. On its topmost pinnacle is the Tirukonesvaram Kovil , destroyed by the Portuguese though the Kovil was restored and completed in 1963.Three ancient bronze images and a Shiva lingam, later found by divers at the bottom of the cliff beneath the temple , were installed for worship. Puja services are especially colorful at twilight on Fridays. Trincomalee may take its name from the site of this temple - perhaps from the Tamil words tiru kona malai , " mountain scared to Konesvara ( Shiva )." |
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Lure of Jungles |
Yala National Park | | Distance from Colombo | 309 km |
| Yala is approximately 1,259 sq.km in extent and is located in the south eastern corner of the island. Its northern boundaries border the Lahugala Elephant Sanctuary and it has the added bonus of scenic ocean frontage.
The terrain is a varied course of flat plains altering with rocky outcrops. The vegetation ranges from open parklands to dense jungle. Water holes, small lakes, lagoons and streams provide water for the animals and birds. The specialty here is the large numbers of elephants. |
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| Uda Walawe National Park | | Distance from Colombo | 170 km |
| | The Uda Walawe National Park is approximately 30,821 hectares in extent. This park lies within the Ratnapura and Monaragala Districts and acts as the catchment to the Uda Walawe Reservoir, and is located in the dry zone. It comprises grasslands, thorn scrubs, and many valuable species of trees. |
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| Horton Plains | | Distance from Colombo | 200 km |
| | Horton Plains National Park is the only national park situated in the hill country. It falls within the Nuwara Eliya District. The panoramic beauty of the hill county is witnessed within the park. Endemic slender Loris and purple monkeys are among the animal species that can be seen. |
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| Bundala National Park | | Distance from Colombo | 260 km |
| | Bundala National Park is the latest addition to Sri Lanka's national parks. All species of water birds residents of the country and migrant birds inhabit this Park. |
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| Gal Oya National Park | | Distance from Colombo | 314 km |
| | Situated at Inginiyagala, the Gal Oya National Park is most renowned for its elephant population. |
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| Wasgamuwa National Park | | Distance from Colombo | 200 km |
| | The Wasgamuwa National Park lies within the Polonnaruwa and Matale Districts. It has the Mahaweli and Amban Rivers at its eastern and western borders. Its environment is predominated by tropical evergreen forest. |
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Ayurveda | Ayurveda is not only a form of medication it is a total way of life know to generations of Sri Lankans for over 3000 years. It is a gentle method of treating the root causes of illness in both mind and body.
The health conscious today are searching for effective alternatives to the spiraling costs and side effects that at times result from the use of modern medicine. |
| From time immemorial Sri Lanka has gained recognition for its user friendly, traditional medicine; Ayurveda which over 75% of the island's population depend on because of its reliance on natural plants, herbs and oils. Natures way to good health, the efficacy of Ayurveda has been proved by 3,000 years of successful caring and curing |
| What is Ayurveda? It is an ancient system of medicine developed in our part of the world, long before the father of medicine, Hippocrates, was even born. The name comes from two conjoined Sanskrit words 'Ayuh' (life) and 'Veda'(science or knowledge). Basically a science of healthy living, Ayurveda has two aims to preserve health and to cure a body afflicted by disease. |
One of the fundamental beliefs of Ayurveda is the doctrine of 'Tri Dosha' or the Three Vital Forces 'Vayu, Pita and Kapha'. Generally translated into Wind, Bile and Phlegm, a more accurate interpretation of Vayu is the transmission of energy within the body; in modern medical terms, nerve impulses, muscle contraction and hormonal activity. 'Pita' may not be confined to bile but signifies the whole scope of metabolism and internal heat production while 'Kapha' means mucus, often described as 'The Protective Fluid'. The modern concept of mucus as an antibody containing liquid which coats and protects internal linings of the body, seems to fit in with Ayurvedic thinking.
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| When the three, 'Doshas' are balanced, the body is in good health. When this equilibrium is disturbed and the balance of these complementary forces become unbalanced and upset, then illness results.Ayurvedic practitioners study the patient as a whole with the object of restoring balance, getting to the root of the problem and treating it. Local folk have been known to say that while western medicine classifieds germs and attempts to destroy them, Ayurveda classifies human beings and attempts to save them.The dive-pronged evacuative therapy 'Pancha Karma' is designed to rid the body of toxins and is achieved by special diets and herbal decoctions. The five elements of medical herbs: leaves, flowers, barks, roots and berries are used to cleanse the blood and the body of impurities.The preparation of Ayurvedic medications is usually a long process with ingredients being ground in a pestle for a prescribed period of time. Juices and extracts of plants are simmered until they are reduced to a fraction of their original volume. Besides decoctions, wines, pills and powders for internal use, Ayurveda also uses poultices, pastes, ointments and oils for external application.Massage with herbal oils, steam baths and bathing in herbal waters are said to be particularly beneficial to patients with migraine, insomnia and arthritis.Methods of treatment vary, while one might have herbal oil dripping from a suspended clay pot onto a patient's head, another would place the patient in a steam bath like an ancient wooden chest with perforations, in which he or she lies relaxed, benefiting from the vapours of various steamed herbs wafting up from underneath.Herbal teas are now available and gaining in popularity worldwide. Their ingredients vary. While some might invigorate and energize, others would relax and calm both mind and body.The preventative aspects of Ayurveda recommend codes for healthy living which include dietary and social-cultural norms. Certain foods are considered good while partaking of others such as red meat is discouraged. Vegetarianism and the consumption of dairy products such as milk and curd are smiled upon while drinking alcohol and smoking are frowned on.'Ayurveda' is a cure for a lifetime and a way of life; after all, generations of Sri Lankan have been using these age-old remedies, and obtaining relief from their illness, living to a ripe old age in excellent physical condition.It is a gentle and relaxed treatment for both mind and body, one that leaves you feeling light, tranquil, yet filled with the zest and energy that our ancestors experienced and benefited from.'Ayurveda' is nature's way of caring and curing for a lifetime!The 'Ayurveda' method is administered in many forms; Ayurveda body massage, Ayurveda face massage and face pack, ayurveda back massage, hand massage and foot massages. The Ayurveda method is more skin and body friendly as it is devoid of harmful chemicals and uitilizes nature's herbs to cleanse and soothe. Places to indulge yourself in Ayurveda;Ayurveda Centre Maho- situated on the borders of the beautiful fortress city Yahapahuwa which was a capitol in 1301 is this edifice. It is a fully fledged Ayurvedic hospital.Ayurveda pavillions -Negombo Situated amidst tropical trees and beautiful gardens the Ayurveda Pavillions is a luxurious and tranquil health resort located in the coastal town of Negombo. The journey from the international airport is 30minutes.Vil Uyana Luxury Boutique Hotel-Sigiriya'Vil Uyana,' meaning garden of ponds, is a brand new lifestyle hotel located minutes away from the Sigiriya Rock Fortress, an UNESCO World Heritage Site. Situtaedd on the flatlands immedietly to the west of the Sigiriya Rock, the hotel is envisaged as a natural extension to the efforts of ancient Sinhala kings who developed and irrigated this area.Amaya Lake -Dambulla Amaya Lake ( Formely known as the Culture Club) is situated in the heart of a tropical parkland. It boasts a spacious and natural location, alongside the Dambulla lake and is perfectly placed to explore the many historic delights of the cultural triangle. The hotel itself is enveloped by a calm stmosphere which is ideal for an Ayurvedic setting.Niroga Ayurvedic Resort- InduruwaNestled in a beautiful golden sandy beach, shaded by the coconu trees of Induruwa is this hotel which 90km away from the Bandaranayake International Airport.The tranquil ambience of the resort similarly rejuvenates the body and soul of the guests.Each guest is given undevided attention , hence the limited number of guests rooms totalling 8. The restaurant caters meals based on diagnosis and recommendation by the doctors on guest-to guest basis. Siddhalepa Ayurvedic Health resort- WadduwaThis resort provides traditional Ayurvedic therapy to cleanse, detoxify and rejuvenate the mind, body and soul. Additionally providing a general wellness for the health conscious clients using 100% natural Ayurvedic treatments under the guidance of experinced Ayurvedic doctors.The kids too are kept occupied by many activities such as paddle boating, the island for treasure hunts and an adequately safe guarded kiddies swimming pool.Mt.Lavinia Hotel-Mt.LaviniaThe hotel is located on a stunning promontory overlooking the Indian Ocean. It is the former residence of a governor of Sri Lanka. The Mt.Lavinia Hotel, still retains the old world charm and imperial elegance of yesteryear combined with the most up to date facilities of a modern resort. With extensive beach frontage, a tropical bar on the beach. four restaurants inclusive of a magnificient sea food restaurant, and a terrace bar one would be spoilt for choice. The swimming pool and Ayurveda Centre are ideal places to grab some well deserved R & R.Neptune Ayurveda Village- BeruwalaThis ancient art of rejuvenation and healthy living is available at an Ayurveda centre, adjacent to the popular beach resort, Neptune Hotel. Here the dawn emerges with a sense of serenity, providing an idyllic setting for a program of Ayurveda. Their dedicated team of well experienced, qualified doctors will provide the guidance needed and ensure tailor made packages to suit each individual need. Heritance Kandalama-Dambulla160km from Sri Lanka's business hub Colombo and a few minutes away from the nearest town, the Heritance Kandalama is an oasis of luxury and relaxation.Apart from enticing the guests with an alluring Ayurvedic experience, the hotel offers a chance to visit two UNESCO World Heritage Sites in close proximity to it, the 2000 year old cave temple at Dambulla nd the Sigiriya rock fortress. Anuradhapura,Polonnaruwa, the Minneriya wildlife sanctuary are some of the other attractions on offer, making the Heritance Kandalama an ideal base to explore both Sri Lanka's ancient heritage and its rich bio-diversity.The Cinnamon Lodge-HabaranaConveniently located in the centre of the cultural triangle, made to grow with and into nature, The Cinnamon Lodge- Habarana is green hospitality at its best. A you enter the premise you will wonder why this part of the country is referred to as the 'dry-zone,' as there is nothing dry about the Lodge. The staff at the Cinnamon Lodge believe that harmony with nature is also about harmony between people.Ulpotha-AnuradhapuraUlpotha has been a pilgrimage site for thousand of years and remains a tranquil place to this day. It is a beautiful private hide-away open to guests for a certain period annually. A place of total peace, where you can experince the warmth and hospitality of Sri Lankans. You can also indulge in the Ayurvedic methods which are practiced at this place. Ulpotha is a traditional working village cradled on one side by low mountains and a lotus ringed lake, on the other side by tiny emerald green paddy fields. Earl's Regency-KandySituated on a higher elevation enabling a breath-taking view from its balconies is this jewel of Kandy. This luxurious hotel is home to an Ayurveda centre which provides the guests with every requirement and the service caters to your every whim. |
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| Ancient Cities | | Dalada Maligawa | | Kandy ’s main attraction is the Dalada Maligawa, the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic of the Buddha, the founder of Buddhism. Brought to Sri Lanka in the 4th c. A.D., the sacred relic has ever since been the symbol of sovereignty for its rulers, it has been enshrined in great splendour from time immemorial. Kandy’s Dalada Maligawa is a magnificent shrine, with decorative walls, moat, turrets,a golden roof and fine wood-work and its 16th – 19th century ambience remains vivid. Three religious services (pooja) with traditional music, held daily at dawn, mid-day and in the evening, can be viewed by visitors. Wikipedia... |
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Kelaniya Temple | | This temple, consecrated during the third and final visit of Lord Buddha to Sri Lanka, eight years after gaining enlightenment, is situated 7 miles from Colombo in the Gampaha District on the banks of the Kelaniya River. It has a history of nearly 2563 years.The Mahawansa records that the original Dagoba at Kelaniya enshrined a gem-studded throne on which the Buddha sat and preached. The temple is also famous for its image of the reclining Buddha and paintings which depict important events in the life of the Buddha, in the history of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, also incidents from the Jataka tale (Folk Tales). lt is the venue of the annual Duruthu Perahera held in the month of January. Wikipedia... |
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| Adam’s Peak | | It is believed that Lord Buddha placed his footprint on the summit of this sacred mountain during his thrid visit to the isle, hence the name Sri Pada which literally means 'the sacred footprint'. This mountain is also known as Samantakuta, Sumanakuta, Samanalakanda, Samanhela, Samangira, Medumhelaya etc. The Christians call the mountain Adam's Peak, derived from the Portuguese Pico de Adam (Peak of Adam). It is 7,360 feet in height and is the forth highest mountain in the country and has several approaches, the main ones being through the Hatton town and Ratnapura District. Annually, from December to April, devotees climb the mountain to pay homage to the holy site. Wikipedia... |
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| Dambulla Vihara | Located north of Kandy and considered by most to be the center point of SriLanka, Dambulla is a town built around a vast isolated rock mass measuring 500 ft and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.It was here that King Valagambahu took refuge in the 1st century B.C. The view from the top of this rock is breathtaking 350 ft. above are a series of five caves which was later turned into a magnificent rock temple by King Valagambahu.
In the first cave is a recumbent image of the Buddha 47 ft, long , cut out from the rock. There are images of deities associated with Buddhism. The frescoes on the walls and ceiling could be dated to the 15th - 18th centuries. In the second cave, the finest and the largest , are not less than 150 life size statues of gods. There are numerous images of the Buddha as well. The ceiling too is covered with frescoes which depict great events in the life of the Buddha , and landmarks in the history of the Sinhala People. Wikipedia... |
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| Sigiriya Rock | | The history of Sigiriya dates back to over 5000 thousand years, to the Mesolithic period. One of SriLanka’s major attractions and a World Heritage Site, Sigiriya(Lion Rock) came into prominence in the 5th centaury AD, when the patricidal King Kasyapa, afraid of reprisals led by his half - brother, Mogolan, chose to move the seat of power from Anuradhapura to this 500m rock. It was Kasyapa and his master-builders who were responsible for the complex plan which made Sigiriya the glorious capital it was, for 17 years (477 – 495 AD). The frescoes of the ‘ heavenly maidens ‘ halfway up the rock in a sheltered gallery, are the only painted renderings of a secular subject in this country.The ‘ mirror wall ‘, which records the poetic outpourings of early visitors to the rock and the colossal plan of the royal palace, water gardens and fortifications, is entirely fascinating. Wikipedia... |
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| Mahinyangana Maha Seya | This Cetiya (sthupa) was built during the lifetime of Lord Buddha enshrining the lock of hair given by Him to God Saman on the occasion of His first visit to Sri Lanka, nine months after attaining enlightenment. It is the first ever stupa to be constructed in Sri Lanka.
It was enlarged by Arhat Sarabhu to a Cetiya 12 cubits high after receiving and enshrining the collar bone relic of the Buddha taken from the funeral pyre. The son of King Devanampiyatissa's brother, for greater protection, covered it over and made it thirty cubits high. King Dutugemunu -(161-137 BC). Dwelling there, while fighting the invading forces of the Tamils, enlarged it to eighty cubits high. It was subsequently rebuilt by Vijayabahu 1 (1055-1110 CE) and restored again during modern times. Wikipedia... |
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| Ruwanveliseya | Situated in Mahamega Gardens. Built in the second century B.C by King Dutugamunu. It is 100 metres tall, 77 metres wide, 300 ft in diameter.
Originally the shtupa was designed in a " Bubble " shape . Sadly different restorations of the sthupa have altered its original shape. The Great Sthupa cost the King 6.4 million coins in wages. The construction was commenced on a full moon day in May 144 B.C. The foundation was made of butter-clay, imported from India, which was used as cement. Further four small Sthupas are to be seen in the four corners in order to give more respect. Entering the sthupa , you come across a sand court yard from which rises the Elephant wall.
Walking around the stupa you see a life size statue of a king, believed to be King Dutugamunu. Further on you see an Inscription done by King Nissankamalla in the platform. King Dutugamunu fell sick with a sickness that was to be mortal, He sent for his younger brother Saddhatissa to complete its work. So King Dutugamunu had his wish fulfilled as he lay dying, and the sthupa was completed by King Saddhatissa. Wikipedia... |
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| Gal Viharaya | Located in the ancient city of Polonnaruwa and built in the 12th century A.D by the great King Parakramabahu the 1st. It is a group of Buddha images that mark the excellence of Sinhalese rock carving.The Gal Viharaya consists of four seperate images of different postures carved and cut from one long slab of granite.
First is a samadhi image in meditation posture, the second is inside a cave and the third is a standing Buddha image which is 23 ft in height and the forth is a recumbent Buddha image measuring 46 feet, depicting the passing away.
Wikipedia... |
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| Wewurukannala Vihara | 15 miles east of Matara is the town of Dikwella, where there is one of the most amazing Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka. The Wewurukannala Vihara temple is dominated by an image of a seated Buddha. It is 160ft high, the largest statue in all of Sri Lanka and dates back to the time of King Rajadhi (1782 - 1798).
The temple has three parts, the oldest being about 250 years old; however this is of no particular interest. The next part has life size models of demons and sinners shown in graphic detail potraying the wrath which the unbeliever is entitled to. The varied and grotesque forms of punishments are are shown and include being drowned in boiling cauldrons, sawn in half, being disemboweled etcand so on. Finally there is the enormous seated Buddha that is as high as an eight-storied building.
The temple walls show you the path towards enlightenment by depicting hundreds of comic strip representations of events in the Buddha's life. Among one of the episodes is the Chulla Dhammapala Jataka. Several Jataka Stories are also amid the paintings, which where selected for Vesak stamps in 1991. One depicts The Kattahari Jataka showing Prince Kastavahana, son of King Brahmadatta resting with his entourage. |
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| Buduruwagala Rock Sculptures | | Located 5kms south of Wellawaya accessible through a road which branches west off the road to Tissa leading to the rock cut Buddha figures of Buduruwagala.Buduruwagala means stone images of Buddha.The figures date back to 10th century AD, and are of the Mahayana Buddhist school.The gigantic Buddha statue still bears traces of its original stuccoed robe and a long streak of orange suggests it was once brightly painted.The central of the three figures to the Buddha’s right is thought to be the Buddhist mythological figure, the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara. To the left of this white painted figure is a female figure in the thrice-bent posture, who is thought to be his consort, Tara. The three figures on the Buddha’s left appear to an amateur to be of a rather different style. One of them is holding up the hourglass shaped Tibetan thunderbolt symbol known as a dorje – an unusual example of the Tantric side of Buddhism in SriLanka.One of them is said to be Maitreya, the figure Buddha , while another is Vishnu.Photos... |
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| Kataragama Devalaya | | One of Sri Lanka’s holy places where Hindus, Buddhists and Muslims visit on religious pilgrimage. It is a large Complex with the `Mahadewala’ – Main Hindu shrine being the most important place. This shrine of God Skanda, the Hindu war God who is worshipped as the Kataragama 'Deviyo' (Deity) is venerated by pilgrims of all three religions. It is believed that King Dutugemunu the warrior king and Sinhala folk hero built a shrine here for the worship of the Kataragama God in the 2nd century BC. There is also a first century BC Buddhist Dagoba - `Kirivehera’ at this site. The annual Hindu Kataragama festival is held in July and August. Wikipedia... |
| Tirukoneswaram Kovil | | At the northeastern most tip of the Fort Frederick's promontory is a cliff known as Swami Rock, dropping about 360 feet directly into the sea. On its topmost pinnacle is the Tirukonesvaram Kovil , destroyed by the Portuguese though the Kovil was restored and completed in 1963.Three ancient bronze images and a Shiva lingam, later found by divers at the bottom of the cliff beneath the temple , were installed for worship. Puja services are especially colorful at twilight on Fridays. Trincomalee may take its name from the site of this temple - perhaps from the Tamil words tiru kona malai , " mountain scared to Konesvara ( Shiva )." |
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Lure of Jungles | | Yala National Park | | Distance from Colombo | 309 km |
| Yala is approximately 1,259 sq.km in extent and is located in the south eastern corner of the island. Its northern boundaries border the Lahugala Elephant Sanctuary and it has the added bonus of scenic ocean frontage.
The terrain is a varied course of flat plains altering with rocky outcrops. The vegetation ranges from open parklands to dense jungle. Water holes, small lakes, lagoons and streams provide water for the animals and birds. The specialty here is the large numbers of elephants. |
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| Uda Walawe National Park | | Distance from Colombo | 170 km |
| | The Uda Walawe National Park is approximately 30,821 hectares in extent. This park lies within the Ratnapura and Monaragala Districts and acts as the catchment to the Uda Walawe Reservoir, and is located in the dry zone. It comprises grasslands, thorn scrubs, and many valuable species of trees. |
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| Horton Plains | | Distance from Colombo | 200 km |
| | Horton Plains National Park is the only national park situated in the hill country. It falls within the Nuwara Eliya District. The panoramic beauty of the hill county is witnessed within the park. Endemic slender Loris and purple monkeys are among the animal species that can be seen. |
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| Bundala National Park | | Distance from Colombo | 260 km |
| | Bundala National Park is the latest addition to Sri Lanka's national parks. All species of water birds residents of the country and migrant birds inhabit this Park. |
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| Gal Oya National Park | | Distance from Colombo | 314 km |
| | Situated at Inginiyagala, the Gal Oya National Park is most renowned for its elephant population. |
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| Wasgamuwa National Park | | Distance from Colombo | 200 km |
| | The Wasgamuwa National Park lies within the Polonnaruwa and Matale Districts. It has the Mahaweli and Amban Rivers at its eastern and western borders. Its environment is predominated by tropical evergreen forest. |
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Ayurveda | Ayurveda is not only a form of medication it is a total way of life know to generations of Sri Lankans for over 3000 years. It is a gentle method of treating the root causes of illness in both mind and body.
The health conscious today are searching for effective alternatives to the spiraling costs and side effects that at times result from the use of modern medicine. |
| From time immemorial Sri Lanka has gained recognition for its user friendly, traditional medicine; Ayurveda which over 75% of the island's population depend on because of its reliance on natural plants, herbs and oils. Natures way to good health, the efficacy of Ayurveda has been proved by 3,000 years of successful caring and curing |
| What is Ayurveda? It is an ancient system of medicine developed in our part of the world, long before the father of medicine, Hippocrates, was even born. The name comes from two conjoined Sanskrit words 'Ayuh' (life) and 'Veda'(science or knowledge). Basically a science of healthy living, Ayurveda has two aims to preserve health and to cure a body afflicted by disease. |
One of the fundamental beliefs of Ayurveda is the doctrine of 'Tri Dosha' or the Three Vital Forces 'Vayu, Pita and Kapha'. Generally translated into Wind, Bile and Phlegm, a more accurate interpretation of Vayu is the transmission of energy within the body; in modern medical terms, nerve impulses, muscle contraction and hormonal activity. 'Pita' may not be confined to bile but signifies the whole scope of metabolism and internal heat production while 'Kapha' means mucus, often described as 'The Protective Fluid'. The modern concept of mucus as an antibody containing liquid which coats and protects internal linings of the body, seems to fit in with Ayurvedic thinking.
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| When the three, 'Doshas' are balanced, the body is in good health. When this equilibrium is disturbed and the balance of these complementary forces become unbalanced and upset, then illness results.Ayurvedic practitioners study the patient as a whole with the object of restoring balance, getting to the root of the problem and treating it. Local folk have been known to say that while western medicine classifieds germs and attempts to destroy them, Ayurveda classifies human beings and attempts to save them.The dive-pronged evacuative therapy 'Pancha Karma' is designed to rid the body of toxins and is achieved by special diets and herbal decoctions. The five elements of medical herbs: leaves, flowers, barks, roots and berries are used to cleanse the blood and the body of impurities.The preparation of Ayurvedic medications is usually a long process with ingredients being ground in a pestle for a prescribed period of time. Juices and extracts of plants are simmered until they are reduced to a fraction of their original volume. Besides decoctions, wines, pills and powders for internal use, Ayurveda also uses poultices, pastes, ointments and oils for external application.Massage with herbal oils, steam baths and bathing in herbal waters are said to be particularly beneficial to patients with migraine, insomnia and arthritis.Methods of treatment vary, while one might have herbal oil dripping from a suspended clay pot onto a patient's head, another would place the patient in a steam bath like an ancient wooden chest with perforations, in which he or she lies relaxed, benefiting from the vapours of various steamed herbs wafting up from underneath.Herbal teas are now available and gaining in popularity worldwide. Their ingredients vary. While some might invigorate and energize, others would relax and calm both mind and body.The preventative aspects of Ayurveda recommend codes for healthy living which include dietary and social-cultural norms. Certain foods are considered good while partaking of others such as red meat is discouraged. Vegetarianism and the consumption of dairy products such as milk and curd are smiled upon while drinking alcohol and smoking are frowned on.'Ayurveda' is a cure for a lifetime and a way of life; after all, generations of Sri Lankan have been using these age-old remedies, and obtaining relief from their illness, living to a ripe old age in excellent physical condition.It is a gentle and relaxed treatment for both mind and body, one that leaves you feeling light, tranquil, yet filled with the zest and energy that our ancestors experienced and benefited from.'Ayurveda' is nature's way of caring and curing for a lifetime!The 'Ayurveda' method is administered in many forms; Ayurveda body massage, Ayurveda face massage and face pack, ayurveda back massage, hand massage and foot massages. The Ayurveda method is more skin and body friendly as it is devoid of harmful chemicals and uitilizes nature's herbs to cleanse and soothe. Places to indulge yourself in Ayurveda;Ayurveda Centre Maho- situated on the borders of the beautiful fortress city Yahapahuwa which was a capitol in 1301 is this edifice. It is a fully fledged Ayurvedic hospital.Ayurveda pavillions -Negombo Situated amidst tropical trees and beautiful gardens the Ayurveda Pavillions is a luxurious and tranquil health resort located in the coastal town of Negombo. The journey from the international airport is 30minutes.Vil Uyana Luxury Boutique Hotel-Sigiriya'Vil Uyana,' meaning garden of ponds, is a brand new lifestyle hotel located minutes away from the Sigiriya Rock Fortress, an UNESCO World Heritage Site. Situtaedd on the flatlands immedietly to the west of the Sigiriya Rock, the hotel is envisaged as a natural extension to the efforts of ancient Sinhala kings who developed and irrigated this area.Amaya Lake -Dambulla Amaya Lake ( Formely known as the Culture Club) is situated in the heart of a tropical parkland. It boasts a spacious and natural location, alongside the Dambulla lake and is perfectly placed to explore the many historic delights of the cultural triangle. The hotel itself is enveloped by a calm stmosphere which is ideal for an Ayurvedic setting.Niroga Ayurvedic Resort- InduruwaNestled in a beautiful golden sandy beach, shaded by the coconu trees of Induruwa is this hotel which 90km away from the Bandaranayake International Airport.The tranquil ambience of the resort similarly rejuvenates the body and soul of the guests.Each guest is given undevided attention , hence the limited number of guests rooms totalling 8. The restaurant caters meals based on diagnosis and recommendation by the doctors on guest-to guest basis. Siddhalepa Ayurvedic Health resort- WadduwaThis resort provides traditional Ayurvedic therapy to cleanse, detoxify and rejuvenate the mind, body and soul. Additionally providing a general wellness for the health conscious clients using 100% natural Ayurvedic treatments under the guidance of experinced Ayurvedic doctors.The kids too are kept occupied by many activities such as paddle boating, the island for treasure hunts and an adequately safe guarded kiddies swimming pool.Mt.Lavinia Hotel-Mt.LaviniaThe hotel is located on a stunning promontory overlooking the Indian Ocean. It is the former residence of a governor of Sri Lanka. The Mt.Lavinia Hotel, still retains the old world charm and imperial elegance of yesteryear combined with the most up to date facilities of a modern resort. With extensive beach frontage, a tropical bar on the beach. four restaurants inclusive of a magnificient sea food restaurant, and a terrace bar one would be spoilt for choice. The swimming pool and Ayurveda Centre are ideal places to grab some well deserved R & R.Neptune Ayurveda Village- BeruwalaThis ancient art of rejuvenation and healthy living is available at an Ayurveda centre, adjacent to the popular beach resort, Neptune Hotel. Here the dawn emerges with a sense of serenity, providing an idyllic setting for a program of Ayurveda. Their dedicated team of well experienced, qualified doctors will provide the guidance needed and ensure tailor made packages to suit each individual need. Heritance Kandalama-Dambulla160km from Sri Lanka's business hub Colombo and a few minutes away from the nearest town, the Heritance Kandalama is an oasis of luxury and relaxation.Apart from enticing the guests with an alluring Ayurvedic experience, the hotel offers a chance to visit two UNESCO World Heritage Sites in close proximity to it, the 2000 year old cave temple at Dambulla nd the Sigiriya rock fortress. Anuradhapura,Polonnaruwa, the Minneriya wildlife sanctuary are some of the other attractions on offer, making the Heritance Kandalama an ideal base to explore both Sri Lanka's ancient heritage and its rich bio-diversity.The Cinnamon Lodge-HabaranaConveniently located in the centre of the cultural triangle, made to grow with and into nature, The Cinnamon Lodge- Habarana is green hospitality at its best. A you enter the premise you will wonder why this part of the country is referred to as the 'dry-zone,' as there is nothing dry about the Lodge. The staff at the Cinnamon Lodge believe that harmony with nature is also about harmony between people.Ulpotha-AnuradhapuraUlpotha has been a pilgrimage site for thousand of years and remains a tranquil place to this day. It is a beautiful private hide-away open to guests for a certain period annually. A place of total peace, where you can experince the warmth and hospitality of Sri Lankans. You can also indulge in the Ayurvedic methods which are practiced at this place. Ulpotha is a traditional working village cradled on one side by low mountains and a lotus ringed lake, on the other side by tiny emerald green paddy fields. Earl's Regency-KandySituated on a higher elevation enabling a breath-taking view from its balconies is this jewel of Kandy. This luxurious hotel is home to an Ayurveda centre which provides the guests with every requirement and the service caters to your every whim. |
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When the three, 'Doshas' are balanced, the body is in good health. When this equilibrium is disturbed and the balance of these complementary forces become unbalanced and upset, then illness results.Ayurvedic practitioners study the patient as a whole with the object of restoring balance, getting to the root of the problem and treating it. Local folk have been known to say that while western medicine classifieds germs and attempts to destroy them, Ayurveda classifies human beings and attempts to save them.The dive-pronged evacuative therapy 'Pancha Karma' is designed to rid the body of toxins and is achieved by special diets and herbal decoctions. The five elements of medical herbs: leaves, flowers, barks, roots and berries are used to cleanse the blood and the body of impurities.The preparation of Ayurvedic medications is usually a long process with ingredients being ground in a pestle for a prescribed period of time. Juices and extracts of plants are simmered until they are reduced to a fraction of their original volume. Besides decoctions, wines, pills and powders for internal use, Ayurveda also uses poultices, pastes, ointments and oils for external application.Massage with herbal oils, steam baths and bathing in herbal waters are said to be particularly beneficial to patients with migraine, insomnia and arthritis.Methods of treatment vary, while one might have herbal oil dripping from a suspended clay pot onto a patient's head, another would place the patient in a steam bath like an ancient wooden chest with perforations, in which he or she lies relaxed, benefiting from the vapours of various steamed herbs wafting up from underneath.Herbal teas are now available and gaining in popularity worldwide. Their ingredients vary. While some might invigorate and energize, others would relax and calm both mind and body.The preventative aspects of Ayurveda recommend codes for healthy living which include dietary and social-cultural norms. Certain foods are considered good while partaking of others such as red meat is discouraged. Vegetarianism and the consumption of dairy products such as milk and curd are smiled upon while drinking alcohol and smoking are frowned on.'Ayurveda' is a cure for a lifetime and a way of life; after all, generations of Sri Lankan have been using these age-old remedies, and obtaining relief from their illness, living to a ripe old age in excellent physical condition.It is a gentle and relaxed treatment for both mind and body, one that leaves you feeling light, tranquil, yet filled with the zest and energy that our ancestors experienced and benefited from.'Ayurveda' is nature's way of caring and curing for a lifetime!The 'Ayurveda' method is administered in many forms; Ayurveda body massage, Ayurveda face massage and face pack, ayurveda back massage, hand massage and foot massages. The Ayurveda method is more skin and body friendly as it is devoid of harmful chemicals and uitilizes nature's herbs to cleanse and soothe. Places to indulge yourself in Ayurveda;Ayurveda Centre Maho- situated on the borders of the beautiful fortress city Yahapahuwa which was a capitol in 1301 is this edifice. It is a fully fledged Ayurvedic hospital.Ayurveda pavillions -Negombo Situated amidst tropical trees and beautiful gardens the Ayurveda Pavillions is a luxurious and tranquil health resort located in the coastal town of Negombo. The journey from the international airport is 30minutes.Vil Uyana Luxury Boutique Hotel-Sigiriya'Vil Uyana,' meaning garden of ponds, is a brand new lifestyle hotel located minutes away from the Sigiriya Rock Fortress, an UNESCO World Heritage Site. Situtaedd on the flatlands immedietly to the west of the Sigiriya Rock, the hotel is envisaged as a natural extension to the efforts of ancient Sinhala kings who developed and irrigated this area.Amaya Lake -Dambulla Amaya Lake ( Formely known as the Culture Club) is situated in the heart of a tropical parkland. It boasts a spacious and natural location, alongside the Dambulla lake and is perfectly placed to explore the many historic delights of the cultural triangle. The hotel itself is enveloped by a calm stmosphere which is ideal for an Ayurvedic setting.Niroga Ayurvedic Resort- InduruwaNestled in a beautiful golden sandy beach, shaded by the coconu trees of Induruwa is this hotel which 90km away from the Bandaranayake International Airport.The tranquil ambience of the resort similarly rejuvenates the body and soul of the guests.Each guest is given undevided attention , hence the limited number of guests rooms totalling 8. The restaurant caters meals based on diagnosis and recommendation by the doctors on guest-to guest basis. Siddhalepa Ayurvedic Health resort- WadduwaThis resort provides traditional Ayurvedic therapy to cleanse, detoxify and rejuvenate the mind, body and soul. Additionally providing a general wellness for the health conscious clients using 100% natural Ayurvedic treatments under the guidance of experinced Ayurvedic doctors.The kids too are kept occupied by many activities such as paddle boating, the island for treasure hunts and an adequately safe guarded kiddies swimming pool.Mt.Lavinia Hotel-Mt.LaviniaThe hotel is located on a stunning promontory overlooking the Indian Ocean. It is the former residence of a governor of Sri Lanka. The Mt.Lavinia Hotel, still retains the old world charm and imperial elegance of yesteryear combined with the most up to date facilities of a modern resort. With extensive beach frontage, a tropical bar on the beach. four restaurants inclusive of a magnificient sea food restaurant, and a terrace bar one would be spoilt for choice. The swimming pool and Ayurveda Centre are ideal places to grab some well deserved R & R.Neptune Ayurveda Village- BeruwalaThis ancient art of rejuvenation and healthy living is available at an Ayurveda centre, adjacent to the popular beach resort, Neptune Hotel. Here the dawn emerges with a sense of serenity, providing an idyllic setting for a program of Ayurveda. Their dedicated team of well experienced, qualified doctors will provide the guidance needed and ensure tailor made packages to suit each individual need. Heritance Kandalama-Dambulla160km from Sri Lanka's business hub Colombo and a few minutes away from the nearest town, the Heritance Kandalama is an oasis of luxury and relaxation.Apart from enticing the guests with an alluring Ayurvedic experience, the hotel offers a chance to visit two UNESCO World Heritage Sites in close proximity to it, the 2000 year old cave temple at Dambulla nd the Sigiriya rock fortress. Anuradhapura,Polonnaruwa, the Minneriya wildlife sanctuary are some of the other attractions on offer, making the Heritance Kandalama an ideal base to explore both Sri Lanka's ancient heritage and its rich bio-diversity.The Cinnamon Lodge-HabaranaConveniently located in the centre of the cultural triangle, made to grow with and into nature, The Cinnamon Lodge- Habarana is green hospitality at its best. A you enter the premise you will wonder why this part of the country is referred to as the 'dry-zone,' as there is nothing dry about the Lodge. The staff at the Cinnamon Lodge believe that harmony with nature is also about harmony between people.Ulpotha-AnuradhapuraUlpotha has been a pilgrimage site for thousand of years and remains a tranquil place to this day. It is a beautiful private hide-away open to guests for a certain period annually. A place of total peace, where you can experince the warmth and hospitality of Sri Lankans. You can also indulge in the Ayurvedic methods which are practiced at this place. Ulpotha is a traditional working village cradled on one side by low mountains and a lotus ringed lake, on the other side by tiny emerald green paddy fields. Earl's Regency-KandySituated on a higher elevation enabling a breath-taking view from its balconies is this jewel of Kandy. This luxurious hotel is home to an Ayurveda centre which provides the guests with every requirement and the service caters to your every whim. |
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Trade, Business & Investment |
THE ECONOMY "Comparisons have shown that Sri Lanka offers one of the most liberal business environments in Asia."Sri Lanka's economy recorded considerable growth in 1997 with Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth reaching 6.4 per cent (compared to an average of 5.00/0 per annum from 1994 to 1996). The salient features of the economy for 1997 are summarized belowManufacturing output increased by 10.3% and the unemployment rate declined to 10.4% compared to 11.1% in 1996.Inflation declined to 9% in 1997, compared to 12% in the previous year, primarily due to reduction of the budget deficit to 7.9% of GDP from 9.4% in 1996. (If privatization proceeds are included, the budget deficit for 1997 was 5.3%.)The external sector was buoyant. Total exports and industrial exports grew by 13% and 16% in US$ terms respectively. The current account deficit and the trade deficit declined to 2.5% and 8% of GDP respectively.
Total foreign investments (including net foreign direct and portfolio investment and privatization proceeds) reached US$ 450 million for 1997 - the highest ever on record.The external debt service ratio was reasonable at 13.7% of exports in 1997. Short term foreign borrowings were less than l0/o of total capital inflows, thus insulating Sri Lanka's economy against volatile capital transfers.
The balance of payments recorded a surplus of over US$ 163 million (2.7% of GDP) and foreign reserves (U S$ 2 billion) are adequate to cover almost 4 months' imports. INFRASTRUCTUREPrivate and public investment programmers have been implemented to improve the country's basic infrastructure facilities, which today rank as the best available in South Asia.Ports : Throughput at Colombo Port has grown at a compound annual rate of 20.3 % over the last five years to reach 1.68 million TEUs at present. Trans-shipment cargo accounts for 72% of throughput, positioning Colombo as a major shipping hub. Construction has already commenced to further expand capacity to 3 million TEUs within the next 3 years.
Telecom : Today Sri Lanka has multiple providers of Basic (3 companies), Cellular (4 companies) and Pay(phone) (5 companies) telephone services, making the industry among the most competitive in Asia. The number of fixed telephone lines installed increased by 65% in 1997 due to the entry of 2 wireless local loop operators and the privatization of Sri Lanka Telecom. Power: Sri Lanka has reduced its dependency on hydro energy to a great extent, thus virtually eliminating reliance on weather patterns for stable supply. In 1997, due to an accelerated public investment programmed, thermal generation capacity installed as a percentage of total capacity increased to 33% compared to 28% in 1996. Additional thermal capacity will come on stream during this year BUSINESS CLIMATEComparisons have shown that Sri Lanka offers one of the most liberal business environments in Asia. Total foreign ownership is welcome in most areas of the economy. While there are a few areas where foreign investment is restricted or limited, these are being minimized. There are no restrictions on the repatriation of earnings and capital.The Sri Lankan government is business-friendly and is actively pursuing a policy of economic liberalization with emphasis on private sector investment. The private sector plays a vital role intraditional areas of public investment such as telecommunications, energy and transport. So far, many 98 enterprises are in the process of undergoing privatization.In the last 12 months, several landmark investments were approved and implemented in the infrastructure, manufacturing and service sectors. The most significant of these include the following:The largest ever privatization involving the purchase of 35 per cent in Sri Lanka Telecom by NYT of Japan for US$225 million.In late 1995, two license were awarded to set up basic telecommunication services using wireless local loop technology to business groups led by Telia AB of Sweden and GTE Nortel of North America. Approximately two thirds of the anticipated US$ 350 million investment is already committed and the implementation of the projects is on schedule.A US$385 million investment by IMC Agrico, Freeport McMoran Resource Partners (both of the USA) and Tomen Corporation (Japan) for phosphate mining and processing of DAP fertilizer was approved and the Mineral Investment Agreement initialed. This is the largest single foreign direct investment in the manufacturing sector ever approved by the BOI.A concession was awarded to a consortium led by P&O of the United Kingdom and John Keells Holdings of Sri Lanka to expand the Port of Colombo. The first phase of the project valued at US$ 240 million is expected to commence shortly.The first-ever power generation project on.a BOO basis was successfully structured by the BOI. This US$62 million project where the lead investor is the UK-based KHD Group has now been completed. THE LOCATION ADVANTAGE Sri Lanka is the logical location for manufacturing and service organizations that wish to establish a presence in what is fast becoming an economic powerhouse in the region. The island is ideally located as the gateway to the vast Indian subcontinent - home to a quarter of the world's population. In addition, trade barriers are falling throughout the region. The seven countries which comprise the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) have resolved to progress towards a South- Asia Free Trade Arrangement (SAFTA) over the next 5 years. INVESTMENT PROTECTION AND GUARANTEES Sri Lanka has developed an enviable record of "political credibility" in the international arena. All major political parties are committed to free enterprise and individual freedom. The government has never defaulted nor requested rescheduling of any of its international obligations. Significantly, this extends to protection given to foreign investors.Bilateral investment agreements, supported by a constitutional guarantee, provide strong protection to foreign investment in Sri Lanka. The safety of foreign investment is guaranteed through the acceptance by a two thirds majority of Parliament of the Constitutional Guarantee of Investment Protection Agreements. Under Article 157 of the country's constitution, the agreement enjoys the force of law and no legislative, executive nor administrative action can be taken to contravene it. Bilateral investment agreements are valid for 10 years. They are extended automatically unless tenThnated by either party. If the agreements are terminated, investments already made are protected for another 10 years. A clause in the Sri Lankan constitution ensures the sanctity of the agreements.These agreements provide for the following:Protection against nationalization.Prompt and adequate compensation if required.Free remittance of earnings, capital and business fees.Settlement of disputes under theInternational Convention for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICS ID).Bilateral agreements exist between Sri Lanka and the following countries: Belgium, China, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Indonesia, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.Sri Lanka is also a founding member of the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA). This provides further safeguards against expropriation and noncommercial risk. Investors may also refer disputes for arbitration under the Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce.Property insurance can be obtained in foreign currency through domestic or foreign insurers. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY The laws relating to copyright, industrial designs, patents, trade marks, service marks, trade names and unfair competition are covered by the Code of Intellectual Property Act of 1979 and subsequent amendments.
Protection for trade marks is based on registration in the Registry of Trade Marks. The classification used for this purpose follows the international grouping set by the Nice Agreement of the World Intellectual Property Organization with 34 classes of goods and eight classes of services. Registration of a mark is valid for 10 years and renewable for additional periods of 10 years. ARBITRATION An Arbitration Centre has been established in Colombo for the settlement of commercial disputes expeditiously, economically and privately. A new law has already been enacted for this purpose. The Centre will be affiliated with the Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce and will follow its standards and norms. The Arbitration Act gives recognition to the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards.This means that arbitration awards made abroad are now enforceable in Sri Lanka. Similarly, awards made in Sri Lanka can be enforced abroad. REMITTANCE OF EARNINGS AND CAPITAL By mid 1994, Sri Lanka had removed all foreign exchange restrictions on current account transactions. The monetary authorities are moving towards further liberalizing exchange controls. Within this liberal environment, foreign investors can freely remit dividends, capital or royalty payments through any commercial bank, as well as the sale proceeds of shares. (Note that as stated earlier, for qualifying investments, the BOI is authorized to exempt companies from the provisions of the Exchange Control Act).
"The safety of foreign investment is guaranteed by the constitutional
recognition of In vestment Protection Agreements""Sri Lanka has the highest literacy (92%)
and the highest life expectancy (71 years) among low income HUMAN DEVELOPMENT According to data published by the World Bank, Sri Lanka has the highest life expectancy (71 years) highest literacy rate (92 per cent) and lowest infant and child mortality rates among the designated low income countries. Sri Lanka also has the lowest rate of population growth in the developing world (1.3 per cent). We also have the lowest urbanization rate within this group. This situation is the result of extensive investment in public education and welfare by successive post-independence governments. Today, investors will find an intelligent, educated and energetic workforce that is comfortable with modern production techniques and has a level of trainability that is among the best in the region.
In fact we believe we have the best quality workforce available at this income and wage level. | Economy of Sri Lanka | | Currency | Sri Lankan rupee (LKR) | | Fiscal year | Calendar Year | | Trade organisations | SAFTA, WTO | | Statistics[1] | | GDP | $27.4 billion ($95.55 billion PPP) (2006) | | GDP (PPP) ranking | 63rd (2006)[2] | | GDP growth | 7.7% (2006)[3] | | GDP (PPP) per capita | $4,600 (2006) | | GDP (PPP) per capita ranking | 138th (2006) | | GDP by sector | agriculture (17.3%), industry (27.3%), services (55.3%) (2006) | | Inflation | 11.3% (2006)[3] | | Pop below poverty line | 22.7% (2002)[4] | | Labour force | 7.5 million (2006) | | Labour force by occupation | agriculture (34.3%), industry (25.3%), services (40.4%) (2006) | | Unemployment | 6.3% (2006)[3] | | Main industries | rubber processing, tea, coconuts, and other agricultural commodities. telecommunications, insurance, banking, clothing, cement, petroleum refining, textiles, tobacco | | Trading Partners [3] | | Exports | $7.076 billion (2006) | | Export - Commodities | textiles and apparel, tea and spices, diamonds, emeralds, rubies, coconut products, rubber manufactures, fish | | | Main partners | United States 31.3%, United Kingdom 12.2%, India 8.9%, Germany 4.3% (2005) | | Imports | $9.655 billion (2006) | | Imports - Commodities | textile fabrics, mineral products, petroleum, foodstuffs, machinery and transportation equipment | | Main Partners | India 20.7%, Singapore 8.3%, Hong Kong 7.3%, China 7.1%, [Iran] 5.9%, Malaysia 4.4%, Japan 4.3% (2005) | | Finances [4] | | Public debt | 89.6% of GDP (2006) | | External debt | $12.23 billion, (44.6% of GDP) (2006) | | Revenues | $5.61 billion (2006) | | Expenses | $8.39 billion (2006) | | Economic aid | $808 million (recipient)(2006) |
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The fifth Executive President of Sri Lanka, Hon. Mahinda Rajapaksa The Executive Presidency The Head of State of the Republic of Sri Lanka is the President. The President is also the Head of the Executive, the Head of the Government, and the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. The President is elected by the people and holds office for a period of six years. The President has the right to attend, address and send messages to Parliament at any time. The President is also entitled to all the privileges, immunities and powers of a Member of Parliament other than the right to vote, and shall not be liable for any breach of the privileges of Parliament, or of its Members. The President is the Head of the Cabinet of Ministers, presides at meeting of the Cabinet and appoints the Prime Minister from among the members elected to Parliament. The powers of the President include that of summoning, proroguing and dissolving Parliament and calling for a Referendum, in keeping with the relevant provisions of law. The Constitution also confers upon an elected President the power to: · Make the Statement of Government Policy in Parliament at the commencement of each parliamentary session · Preside at ceremonial sittings of Parliament · Receive and recognize, and to appoint and accredit Ambassadors, High Commissioners, Plenipotentiaries and other diplomatic agents · Keep the Public Seal of the Republic and to make and execute under the Public Seal the Acts of Appointment of the Prime Minister and other Ministers of the Cabinet of Ministers, the Chief Justice and other Judges of the Supreme Court, such grants and dispositions of lands and immovable property vested in the Republic as The President is by law required or empowered to do, and to use the Public Seal for sealing all things whatsoever that shall pass that Seal · Declare War and Peace · Perform all such acts and things, not being inconsistent with the provisions of the Constitution or written law, as by international law, custom or usage The President is required or authorized to do, and Grant pardon, grant any respite, substitute a less severe form of punishment for any punishment and remit the whole or any part of any punishment imposed. Under the immunities granted to the President, no legal proceedings may be initiated or continued with regard to official or private matters against the President while in office.
If the President is unable to perform his duties due to illness or absence from the country, the Prime Minister will be appointed to exercise, perform and discharge the powers, duties and functions of the President. A Minister of the Cabinet will then be appointed to act for the Prime Minister.
The Commissioner General of Elections conducts the Presidential Elections where the entire country is considered to be a single constituency. The winner is required to receive more than 50% of votes and takes his oaths as President before the Chief Justice. The Constitution of Sri Lanka establishes a democratic, socialist republic in Sri Lanka, which is also a unitary state. The government is a mixture of the presidential system and the parliamentary system. The President of Sri Lanka is the head of state, the commander in chief of the armed forces, as well as head of government, and is popularly elected for a six-year term. In the exercise of duties, the President is responsible to the Parliament of Sri Lanka, which is a unicameral 225-member legislature. The President appoints and heads a cabinet of ministers composed of elected members of parliament. The President's deputy is the Prime Minister, who leads the ruling party in parliament and shares many executive responsibilities, mainly in domestic affairs.[22] Members of parliament are elected by universal (adult) suffrage based on a modified proportional representation system by district to a six-year term. The primary modification is that, the party that receives the largest number of valid votes in each constituency gains a unique "bonus seat." The president may summon, suspend, or end a legislative session and dissolve Parliament any time after it has served for one year. The parliament reserves the power to make all laws. On July 1, 1960 the people of Sri Lanka elected the first-ever female head of government in Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike. Her daughter Chandrika Kumaratunga served multiple terms as prime minister and as president from 1999 to 2005. The current president and prime minister, both of whom took office on November 21, 2005, are Mahinda Rajapaksa and Ratnasiri Wickremanayake respectively. Sri Lanka has enjoyed democracy with universal suffrage since 1931. Politics in Sri Lanka are controlled by rival coalitions led by the left-wing Sri Lanka Freedom Party, headed by President Rajapaksa, the comparatively right-wing United National Party led by former prime minister Ranil Wickremesinghe and Marxist-Nationalist JVP. There are also many smaller Buddhist, socialist and Tamil nationalist political parties. Since 1948, Sri Lanka has been a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations. It is also a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, the Colombo Plan, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. Through the Cold War-era, Sri Lanka followed a foreign policy of non-alignment but has remained closer to the United States and Western Europe. The military of Sri Lanka comprises the Sri Lankan Army, the Sri Lankan Navy and the Sri Lankan Air Force. These are administered by the Ministry of Defence.
Provinces and districtsProvinces of Sri LankaSri Lanka is divided into 9 provinces[24] and 25 districts.[25] Each province is administered by a directly-elected provincial council:
Provinces and districtsProvinces of Sri LankaSri Lanka is divided into 9 provinces[24] and 25 districts.[25] Each province is administered by a directly-elected provincial council:
| Province |
Capital |
Districts |
| 1 |
Central |
Kandy |
Kandy, Matale, Nuwara Eliya |
| 2 |
North Central |
Anuradhapura |
Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa |
| 3 |
Northern |
Jaffna |
Jaffna, Kilinochchi, Mannar, Vavuniya, Mullativu |
| 4 |
Eastern |
Trincomalee |
Ampara, Batticaloa, Trincomalee |
| 5 |
North Western |
Kurunegala |
Kurunagala, Puttalam |
| 6 |
Southern |
Galle |
Galle, Hambanthota, Matara |
| 7 |
Uva |
Badulla |
Badulla, Monaragala |
| 8 |
Sabaragamuwa |
Ratnapura |
Kegalle, Rathnapura |
| 9 |
Western |
Colombo |
Colombo, Gampaha, Kaluthara |
The districts are further subdivided into divisional secretariats, and these in turn to Grama Sevaka divisions. |
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Sri Lanka
